Gerunds should be used with possessive pronouns my, your, her, and not object pronouns me, him etc. Help with the gerund is also used with cant to mean a reaction beyond the subjects control. Exercise 4 in pdf here choose a gerund or infinitive when it changes the meaning. According to the macmillan dictionary, a phrase is simply a group of words that are used together in a fixed expression. Downloadable grammar sheets and online exercises gerund and infinitive worksheets gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Phrases in english grammar with examples pdf parts of speech.
English grammar rules infinitive and gerund bare infinitive without to we. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. When to use gerund or infinitive in the table below, you can see when to use gerund or infinitive. Microsoft word list of verbs followed by gerund or infinitive. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets b1 gi001 english practice. During this english grammar lesson you will learn what gerunds are and how to use them. Review charts and rules for gerunds and infinitives as needed. In this lesson we will elaborate gerunds in english. Exercise 1 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs exercise 2 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs exercise 3 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs exercise 4 in pdf here choose a gerund or infinitive when it changes the meaning.
The hardest thing about learning english is understanding the gerund. Gerunds are not, however, all that easy to identify. Lets go back to the definition of a gerund for a moment. The gerund looks identical to the present participle, which is used after the auxiliary verb to be, but are not the same as they do not function as. English grammar gerunds and infinitives learn english.
This blog post is available as a convenient and portable pdf that you can take anywhere. Download english vocabulary, prepositions, grammar, ielts ebooks in epub and pdf format. At the same time it is the subject of the verb is, and hence does function as a noun. The construction workers worried about losing their jobs. Theyre very easy to spot, since every gerund is a verb with ing tacked to its tail. A whole gerund phrase functions in a sentence just like a noun, and can act as a subject, an object, or a predicate nominative.
The book is titled the grammar of the english verb phrase. G erunds looks like a verb, acts like a noun always ends in ing. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing a present participle. Before proceeding further, it is only fair that you understand what a phrase and a clause really are in english grammar pdf format of this lesson available at the. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable pdf that you can. We use the ing form in various ways as shown g form for continuous tenses. Students english file students site intermediate third edition grammar file 8 lesson b gerunds and infinitives 1 grammar. The most famous infinitive quote has to be, to be or not to be. Prepositions pdf worksheets english vocabulary and grammar. Grammar worksheet all things grammar grammar focus gerunds used as subjects level intermediate answer key my notes 1. Learning to use gerunds and infinitives can feel a bit overwhelming at first. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two.
Includes helpful articles, a glossary, quizzes, and a large language reference. Jan 16, 2011 such a form of the verb ending in ing and used as a noun is called a gerund. This is gerunds worksheet section where you will find all the teaching resources, printables and exercises related to gerund a type of verb which acts as a noun and ends with a suffix ing. Rewrite the following sentences using a gerund instead of an infinitive. English story books for beginners reading english stories can show you magical new worlds and help you to take your english a new level. Note that this rule is not strictly observed especially in the case of proper nouns.
The good news is that our threepart tutorial gives you twenty gerund and infinitive tips to take you from beginner to pro. If you want to learn english grammar or grow your vocabulary then these resources will help you with your studies. A gerund phrase is a group of words beginning with a gerund and including any modifiers to that gerund. Another prestigious book, a practical english grammar by thompson and. Many of the books in the grammar section of a bookstore actually deal more with usage than grammar, as we will discuss it. Punctuation, determiners, gerund, present participle ing. Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns.
Although a small number of traditional grammarians use the term gerundive as a synonym for gerund, the gerundive is a distinct verb form in latin grammar. Includes helpful articles, a glossary, quizzes, and a. It is identical in form to the present participle ending in ing and can behave as a verb within a clause so that it may be modified by an adverb or have an object, but the clause as a whole sometimes consisting of only one word, the gerund itself acts as a noun within the larger sentence. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. Gerunds and infinitives complex forms test english.
Actually, the difference between a clause and a phrase is that the former consists of a subject and a verb whereas the latter does not. A gerund is a present participle ing verb used as a noun. All downloads are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Gerund and infinitive exercises perfect english grammar. How to use gerunds and infinitives lots of explanations and free exercises. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier s, object s, andor complement s.
Here the gerund acting acts as the object of the preposition in. If you want to improve your english grammar, you need to work on phrases and clauses since these are the most important elements of grammar. It is simply a present participle winning used as an adjective. Common errors in the use of gerunds english practice.
Gerunds are words that are formed from verbs but act as nouns. Circle the letter of the choice closest in meaning to the italicized word or phrase from the. Aug 07, 2014 here the gerund reading acts as the object of the verb. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example. The ing form is used in past, present and future continuous tenses, for example anthony was fishing the boys have been playing tennis. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. We make the ing form by adding ing to the base verb and adjusting the spelling as necessary work working. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english grammar. Grammar worksheet gerunds used as subjects complete the sentences below by using the ing gerund form of the verbs on the right. Many aspirants find difficulty in english grammar section while preparing for competitive exams like ssc cgl, ssc chsl, rrb, ibps, sbi and other competitive exams. Gerund infinitive gi 5 fill in the gerund with the correct preposition.
However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken english, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. Like all things grammar, gerunds do take a tiny bit of detective work to spot. Exercise 3 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. Includes detailed terms, interactive exercises, handouts, and more. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english. The italicized texts in the above examples are the gerund phrases. Usage deals with the distinction between commonly confused words and common grammar mistakes.
Defining a rule for the use of infinitive and gerund. A gerund often known as an ing word is a noun formed from a verb by adding ing. Explanations and interactive exercises on grammar tenses and verb forms gerund beginner a2. They cant make clauses and their form dont change when the number and person of the subject changes. Present passive having slept for ten hours, i felt great.
The gerund as the complement of the verb to be one of his duties is attending meetings. Present perfect we are happy about having been invited. Vowa verlag pmp4 108 infinitive with or without to insert to. The redcard holders write down verbs followed by gerunds. A clause, on the other hand, is a group of words with a subject and a verb. The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition. Gerunds english grammar lesson what will i learn from the english grammar lesson gerunds. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Thus, the expression a winning hand is not a gerund. Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation. Contrary to what others believe in, the english language goes beyond the basic subjectverb agreement. The passive voice all tenses he is too young to be allowed to be here. Mar 23, 2020 although a small number of traditional grammarians use the term gerundive as a synonym for gerund, the gerundive is a distinct verb form in latin grammar. For this reason we start at the beginning and take as little as possible for granted.
Feelsee hear watch someone do doing i heard him tell you about the letter. An infinitive is the verb form that has to at the beginning. Gerunds and infinitives are very common in the english language. Although they are fundamentals of the language, there are still other important and determining aspects that one needs to. A gerund is a verbal ending in ing that is used as a noun. Here in part 1, we introduce gerunds and infinitives and explain the basics of everyday usage. Really understand the english tenses with my tenses pdfs. Such a form of the verb ending in ing and used as a noun is called a gerund forms of. She is looking forward to visiting his aunt in chicago. Here the gerund reading acts as the object of the verb. Phrases in english grammar with examples pdf parts of.
This is my blog where i give english grammar lessons. A gerund is a verb used as a noun in english, the gerund is formed by adding ing to a verb root. There is no grammatical equivalent to the latin gerundive in english, and the term is rarely used, oxford dictionary of english grammar. Gerunds are used after prepositions, but not usually after to. The problem here is that present participles also end with the letters ing. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence.
In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday english. He denied having been offered money to kill the senator. Each one starts with a gerund and includes modifiers. Go to the main gerunds and infinitives explanation page here. The problem is that all present participles also end in ing. A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. It can act as a subject, a subject complement, a direct object, an indirect. English grammar english gerund tests englishteststore. Divide students into three groups, ideally of three or four students. A gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. When to use gerund or infinitive in the table below, you can see when to. Like the infinitive and the participle, the gerund has two forms e.